While rescuing trapped divers is the realm of specialized teams, and while wreck diving, ice diving, and cave diving is an inherently dangerous activity that calls for special training, there are some situations which may call for a diver to assist someone who is trapped, even when that diver has not been properly trained. This information is in no way to be considered a substitute for training; instead, it should be used as a resource and as food for thought. When diving, remember that the best course of action is always prevention. Don’t dive in places you are not trained or equipped for, and always plan your dives.
Carrying Appropriate Gear is Essential - Diver Rescues
When wreck diving, always be alert and watch for entanglement hazards, particularly for fishing line, which is very hard to see. Rescuing someone who is trapped in fishing line is simple; first get him or her to calm down, then carefully cut the lines that are connecting the person to the wreck. Carry at least two sharp knives while wreck diving, in case you drop one. Carry one up high on your body in case you can’t reach your leg.
Carry and use safety lines and reels, if applicable. Carry dive lights, and ensure they are fully charged before your dive. Diving without the appropriate gear is like asking for trouble.
The Importance of Thoughtful Planning - Diver Rescues
When planning to penetrate a wreck, use a reel, and if possible, have a plan about which compartments to visit, since this can make potential evacuations much easier and safer. If someone needs your help, pause very briefly to calm yourself and force yourself to focus on conserving your air since you’ll use twice as much if you are stressed. Try turning your light off to see which direction to take, and always pay attention to which direction bubbles are going. Whenever you enter a cave or wreck, make a habit of looking back periodically so you’ll know what to watch for if quick egress is necessary and reels have been compromised.
If you have tenders, ensure they know that an emergency situation exists so you won’t be handling the rescue alone. Have signals prearranged so you can simply give the signal before you start attempting to help the trapped diver; and remember to flash your lights if someone is lost or trapped to signal anyone else who may be watching. Be sure not to become disoriented yourself since this will only make the situation worse, and don’t make the mistake of attempting to go after someone without attaching your own safety line. Taking a few seconds to think makes all the difference.
If you find an unconscious victim who is breathing, keep his regulator in place to ensure he keeps breathing, and tilt his head back to keep his airway open. Never drop his weights or remove any of his gear if possible, and don’t inflate his BC. If you can move him, get him out deliberately; if you cannot move him, go get help.
In any case, time is of the essence, and alerting rescuers at the surface should be a top priority. Always defer to trained rescue divers, and try your best to stay out of situations where rescuing a trapped diver could become a possibility. By sticking with training and established procedures, you can enjoy safer diving.