Situated in South Shetland, off the Antarctic Peninsula, Deception Island is one of Antarctica’s safest harbors, despite its history of eruption and the very real possibility that it will erupt again sometime in the near future, as seismic activity has continued to increase since 1992. In 1967 and 1969, the volcano erupted, causing significant damage and leaving ruins which can be explored. Beneath the surface, the dominant species are what look like millions of amphipods; the most notable part of this adventure is the opportunity to come home to tell the tale of having dived inside a restless volcano.
Marine Life
Strangely devoid of many of the colorful species that flourish at other popular Antarctic dive sites, Deception Island features a seabed that looks almost lunar, with barren rocks and very little in the way of marine life, but for the amphipods, which look a bit like shrimp, and the giant proboscis worms, which can grow to lengths documented at over two meters. These scavengers burrow into the heavy coating of silt that covers the inside of the caldera, consuming bits of detritus as they go. While it can be strange and even a bit scary to encounter a mass of these worms, they pose no risk to divers.
The Dive
Inside the caldera, with its icy water, which is normally quite clear with visibility in the hundreds of feet during the beginning of the season, there is a real risk for a complete white out, thanks to the heavy layer of silt and sunken volcanic ash that covers the bottom. Staying well up and away from the caldera’s floor will prevent an unpleasant accident; once stirred up, the silt can remain suspended for an extended period of time. As with other areas in the Antarctic region, dives should be limited to recreational depths as DCS combined with freezing temperatures puts one at risk for severe hypothermia and even death.
Topside Deception Island
Probably the most intriguing part about a visit to Deception Island is the sights that will greet you above the surface. With a colony of chinstrap penguins, along with a few fur seals and the occasional elephant seal, plus the ruins of an old whaling station and even an old cemetery, it is amazing both for its natural beauty and for its ghostly reminders of past occupants.
Once you have finished taking a look around, staying a safe distance from any animals you might have encountered along the way, it’s time for one of the most interesting experiences Antarctica has to offer – a warm bath in volcanic sands, with heated water from below the surface. Amid clouds of steam, you can warm up before a chilly trek back to your boat.
With its history as a whaling station, and even having been used as a British military base during the second World War, Deception Island is a place where conditions can change rapidly. It is a popular stop along the way for many Antarctic tourist expeditions. Bring your camera, and prepare to be amazed.