One of the world's most incredible geological marvels, Neptune’s Grotto or Neptune’s Caves in Alghero attracts visitors from all over the world, not only for their caverns and passages, shimmering crystal formations, and underground lakes, but for their historical significance as well. Extending for a total of 2,500 meters into Capo Caccia's limestone mass, the site offers some of the best cave diving in the Mediterranean basin.
History
The first mention of the Neptune’s Caves dates back to the late 1700's, and by the 1800's, royalty began to visit the caves after reading reports sent back by explorers. Back in those days, travel to the Neptune’s Caves was only possible during the summer season, and the only light was provided by banks of flickering candles, which must have made for a truly spectacular sight. In the late 1950's, the caves were finally wired for electricity, and lights were installed, making exploration easier and revealing areas previously hidden from the public.
Traveling to the Caves
There are two different ways to get to the Neptune’s Grotto; first, you can enjoy an hour long boat ride from Alghero; second, you can go by car. Both methods provide stunning views. Once on site there are stairways and pathways around Lamarmora Lake, which occupies a large portion of the first cavern, plus there are walkways that lead to various caverns, so any non-divers in your party can enjoy the caves almost as much as you will.
Lake Lamarmora
100 meters long and one of the largest salt water lakes Europe has to offer, Lake Lamarmora is connected to the sea by a siphon located underneath the caves' entrance. Boasting crystal clear water that reflect the limestone concretions that hang from the cavern's ceiling and cling to its walls, the lake is only diveable when sea conditions outside are amenable; when the sea is rough, huge waves come crashing into the lake, washing up over the walls, and preventing visitors on foot from entering due to the risk of being washed away. Maximum depth inside the lake is near the siphon, at 8 to 9 meters.
As you make your way from one end of the lake to the other, you'll be able to get a close up look at the many rock formations and stalagmites that rise up from the lakebed. You'll find a small island about halfway across; a little further along, the water becomes too shallow to swim in. While natural conditions here are quite dark, there are plenty of starfish and lobsters, plus sea urchins, the occasional conger eel, and lots of shellfish.
The topside portion of Neptune’s Caves is just as amazing as what you'll see underwater; with stalactites and stalagmites, masses of flowstone, columns, and pillars, plus masses of crystals ranging in color from white to orange, this masterpiece of nature is one you've got to see. While you're there, look for the black line along the walls and on the columns and rock formations; this is evidence that the lake itself was once much larger. While you can thoroughly explore the site in a short amount of time, it is a place that will live on in your memory for many years to come.